Introduction of Himachal Pradesh

INTRODUCTION OF HIMACHAL PRADESH

Introduction:-

Himachal Pradesh is a state located in north-western India. The history of Himachal Pradesh is even older than human existence. It spreads over an area of ​​21,629 mi² (56019 km²) and Jammu and Kashmir Ladakh in the north, Punjab in the west, south and west (India), Haryana and Uttar Pradesh in the south, Uttarakhand in the south-east and east. Is surrounded by Tibet. Himachal Pradesh literally means “kingdom of snowy mountains”. Himachal Pradesh is known as “Dev Bhoomi”. The influence of the Aryans in this region is older than the Rigveda. After the Anglo-Gurkha War, it came into the hands of the British colonial government.

Till 1857, it was a part of the state of Punjab under the rule of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. In 1950, it was made a Union Territory, but in 1971, it was made the eighteenth state of India on 25 January 1971 under the Himachal Pradesh State Act-1971. Himachal Pradesh ranks fifteenth among the states of India in terms of per capita income. Due to the abundance of rainfed rivers, Himachal sells hydropower to other states, the main ones being Delhi, Punjab (India) and Rajasthan. The economy of the state depends on three major factors which are hydropower, tourism and agriculture. Hindus constitute 95% of the state’s population and the major communities include Rajputs, Brahmins, Ghirtha (Choudhary), Gaddis, Kannets, Rathis and Kolis. According to Transparency International’s 2005 survey, Himachal Pradesh is the second least corrupt state in the country after Kerala.

Himachal Pradesh is part of the Shivalik range of the Himalayan ranges. The Ghaggar
River originates from the Shivalik mountain range. Other major rivers of the
state include the Sutlej and the Beas. The far northern part of the Himachal
Himalayas is an extension of the cold desert of Ladakh and is in the Spiti
subdivision of Lahaul and Spiti districts. The
three main mountain ranges of the Himalayas, the Great Himalayas, the Small
Himalayas; Those called Dhauladhar in Himachal and Nagatibha in Uttaranchal and
the Shivalik Range extending in a north-south direction are located in this
Himalayan section. Mountains ranging from 1000 to 2000 meters in the miniature
Himalayas have been the main attraction for the British administration.

Himachal has three seasons – summer, autumn and rainy season. Climate of Himachal
Pradesh also varies due to the variation in altitude from sea level. Somewhere
snow falls all year, then somewhere it is hot. Himachal also has hot water
chains and glaciers. This is due to the variation in elevation from the sea
level.

Agriculture or tourism is the main occupation of Himachal Pradesh. It plays an important role in the economy of the state. Agriculture provides direct employment to 69 percent of the working population. Income from agriculture and allied sector is 22.1 percent of the total domestic product of the state. Out of the total geographical area of ​​55.673 lakh hectares, 9.14 lakh hectares are owned by 9.14 lakh farmers. Medium and small farmers own 86.4 percent of the total land. Agricultural land in the state is only 10.4 percent. About 80 percent of the area is rain-fed and farmers depend on rainfall.